Hot-air furnace.



No. 639,57I. Patented Dec. I9, I899.

W. H. HILLYER.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

(Application filed Dec. 10, 1898.) v (No Model.) 3 Sheets$heet l.

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No. 639,57l. Patented Dec. l9, I899. W. H. HILLYER.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

(Application filed Dec. 10; 1898.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets$haet 2.

m: Nonms pzrzns 00., vnofaljmofl WASHINGTON, D. c.

No. 639,57l. Patented Dec. l9, I899.

w. H. HILLYER.

HUT AIR FURNACE.

(Applica'tion fi led Dec. 10, 1 898.) (No Model.) 3 sheetasheet 3.

Witnesses match, a. d. THE NORRI! PETERS CO MTG-TKO WAS PATENT Front WILLIAM H. HILLYER, OF FREEPORT, OHIO.

HOT-AIR FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 639,571; dated December 899- 7 Application filed December 10,1898. Serial No- 698,839. (Nbanodelf) To all 1072 0721, it may concern:

port, in the county of Harrison and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hot-Air Furnaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, 7

and exact description'of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces for furnishing hot air for heating purposes.

The object of the invention is to provide a simple, durable, and efficient construction of furnace designed to secure the ignition of the unconsumed gases and products of combustion rising from the bed of fuel without employing a downdraft or complex mechanism for effecting an admixture of air therewith, to prevent the gases and products of combustion from admixing with and contaminating the air which is being heated, and to provide for an ample supply ofair to the furnace and air chamber and moisture to the heated air, thus obtaining all the available heat from the products of combustion before they issue from the furnace and promoting the hygienic and sanitary conditions to the highest degree.

lVith these and other obj ects in view the in-.

vention consists incertain novel features of construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as will be hereinafter more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, Figure l is a central vertical transverse section of a furnace embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section taken at right angles to that shown in Fig. 1. tion through the furnace on the plane of the fire-box above the grate. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section'of the furnace on the plane of the ash-pit.

The casing of the furnace is shown in the present instance as composed of an outer drum orjacket A, of sheet metal, inclosed by a wall or setting B, of fire-brick; but either one of these parts may be employed independent of the other, and, if desired,a wall of fire-brickmay be arranged on the inner side Fig. 3 is a horizontal sec- I of the jacket when the outer wall is not used. Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. HILLYER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Free The outer jacket or drum isclosed at top by m. a grating O, covered with fire-brick and sand or some otherheat-insulatin'g material' and resting on a flange or support d, formed at the upper end of the jacket or wall. Pipes D, projecting through the wall and jacket just below said grate, conduct the hot air to the tubes or fines leading to the rooms or compartments to be heated.

Inclosed within the casing is an inner drum or jacket, comprising a shell E, resting upon a suitable fireproof base F and closed by a removable cap G. This inner jacket forms, with the outer casing, a chamber H, through which the air to be heated circulates before passing to the pipes D and to which air is supplied by a transverse flue or chamber F, extending through said base and opening at one endthrough the casing to the exterior and provided with openings c at each end thereof, whereby fresh air is constantly supplied to each side of the air-chamber to take the place of the heated air passing out through the conducting-pipes. The walls of the inner and outer drums or jackets are connected at the front of the furnace by a wall I, and built up within said inner jacket is a firebrick wall I, forming the sides of the ash-pit J and fire-box J, containing a dumping-grate J 2 of any approved construction.

Access to the ash-pit for cleaning out the ashes is obtained through a door K, which may be provided with a draft-slide or cut-off 7c, and fuel is supplied to the fire-box through an opening formed in the front of the walls I and I and closed by a door K, hinged to the former and provided with a draft-slide l and carrying a perforated inner plate Z, forming a chamber m, from which the air admitted thereto when the slide is open feeds equally to the fire-box throughout the entire area of the opening. The fire-box is closed at top by a removable cast-metal dome M, provided with an opening in line with the door K and a forwardly-projecting flange n thereabove, which rests upon the top of said plate Z when the door is closed and normally closes the top of the fuelopening in the fire-brick wall I. The smoke-flue N extends through the casing and inner drum or jacket and into the firebox through an opening in the base of the dome. The flue is provided, as usual, with a damper o. In the top of the dome are a series of draft-openings controlled by a draftslide or damper p, to which is connected a rod q, leading to the exterior through the front of the casing, whereby the damper may be operated.

The grating 0, cap G, and dome M may be remored independently or together when it is desired to get access from above to the interior of the furnace for cleaning or repairing any of the parts.

A flue R is arranged in the back of the firebrick wall I and opens at its lower end r into the aslrpit and at its upper end 1" into the top of the tire-box, and the function of this flue is to feed air directly from the ash-pit to the fire-box to oxyge'nate the gases and prott nets of combustion rising from the bed of fuel on the grate, and thus place the same in condition to be readily ignited and consumed before passing out through the smokeilue.

Supported by the shell E of the inner drum or jacket is a water pan or reservoirS, which is supplied with water through the medium of a pipe 3, leading to the exterior through the side of the casing. A pipe t, leading from one end of this pan, is provided with a cock 15, whereby the water in the pan may be drawn oil, and another pipe to, leading from the other end of the pan, is provided with a gage a, whereby the amount of water contained in the pan may be ascertained from the exterior and the supply of water thereto regulated accordingly.

The operation of my improved furnace is as follows: At the outset the damper in the dome is closed and the damper in the smokeflue and the draft-slides in the doors K and K are opened and kept open until the fire is wellunder way, the upper portion of the firebox and dome being freely supplied with fresh air by the line R, so that the unconsumed gases and products of combustion rising from the grate will be quickly consumed and the heat from practically all of the combustible elements of the fuel utilized. The draft-slide in the fire-box door is then closed, the draft-slide in the ash-pit door and smokeflue partially closed, if desired, and the damper in the dome opened to allow the commingled hot air, smoke, and gases to pass into the inner drum or jacket before passing out of the flue, whereby the air contained in the airchamber is quickly heated and an updraft promoted, which insures a copious feed of air into the chamber through the flue F. The air is heated solely by radiation from the inner drum or jacket, and as said drum is normally closed and does not communicate with the air-chamber it will be seen that the gases and products of combustion cannot possibly admix with and contaminate the heated air, and hence that the air supplied will not become devitalized, parched, or dried, but will remain soft and refreshing. The air is also moistened by the vapor arising from the water-pan in the usual manner. It will be understood, of course, that by admixing fresh air with the products of combustion passing into the inner drum said drum will be heated to a high de gree by the ignition of the same and that the heating of the air may be controlled and the volume of heated air furnished increased or diminished by proportionately regulating the dampers 0 and 19, so as to admit more or less of the hot air, gases, and products of combustion to the inner drum. Thedome and inner drum practically constitute a continuation of the combustion-chamber, and the discharge of the products of combustion is effected through a reverse circulation, which is set up when the inner drum is filled, said products, having no other outlet, being caused to return into the dome through some of the draft-openings in the topof the dome and pass out through the smoke-flue N, while the fresh gases and products of combustion rising from the bed of fuel continue to enter the inner drum through the other draft-openings, and in this way a gradual discharge through the smoke-flue takes place, although a direct connection from the drum to the exterior or to the smoke-flue may be made in any ordinary manner. I

I thus provide a furnace which utilizes all the available amount of heat and promotes the hygienic and sanitary conditions to a desirable extent.

Changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction may be made within the scope of the invention without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages thereof.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is- 1. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an outer inelosing casing of suitable construction and provided with hot-air pipes, a normally closed drum contained therein and forming an aiuchamber therewith, a fine for conducting air to said chamber, an ash-pit and a fire-box arranged within the drum, a

smoke-flue leading from the fire-box, a dome closing the fire-box, and a damper in said dome for controlling the passage of the heat and products of combustion from the fire-box to the drum.

2. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an outer inclosing easing of suitable construction and provided with hot-air pipes, a normally-closed drum contained therein and forming an air-chamber therewith, a flue for conducting air to said chamber, an ash-pit and a fire-box arranged within the drum, a smoke-flue leading from the fire-box, a dome closing the fire-box, a line for conducting air directly from the ash-pit to the upper portion of the fire-box, and a damper in said dome for controlling the passage of the heat and products of combustion from the fire-box to the drum.

3. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an outer jacket or drum, a normally-closed inner jacket or. drum forming therewith an air-chamber, a plate or wall connecting the front ends of said drums, an air-flue leading into said chamber and hot-air pipes leading therefrom, an ash-pit and fire-box arranged in said inner drum, a dome closing the top of the fire-box, a smoke-flue leading from the fire-box, and a damper controlling the passage of the heat and products of combustion from the fire-box'to said inner drum.

4. In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an outer jacket or drum, a normallyclosed inner jacket or drum forming therewith an air-chamber, a plate or wall connecting the front ends of said drums, an air-flue leading into said chamber and hot-air pipes leading therefrom, an ash-pit and fire-box arranged in said inner drum, a dome closing the top of the fire-box, a smoke-flue leading from the fire-box, a flue for conducting air directly from the ash-pit to the upper portion of the fire-box, and a damper controlling the passage of the heat and products of combustion from the fire-box to said inner drum.

5, In a hot-air furnace, the combination of an outer inclosing casing, a normally-closed inner drum or jacket arranged therein and forming therewith an air-chamber, said casing and drum being connected by a front wall provided with fire-box and ash-pit openings, an ash-pit and fire-box arranged in the inner drum and said fire-box provided with a fuel-opening in line with the said fire-box opening in the front wall, a door closing said openings and provided on its inner side with a perforated plate forming an air-chamber therewith, a dome closing the fire-box and provided with an opening in line with the perforated plate and a flange to rest thereon, a smoke-flue leading from the fire-box, and a damper in the top of the dome.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. HILLYER. I

Vitnesses:

B. W. ROWLAND, GEo. R. BURDOIN. 

